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siderophile element comparison table

Subject	has pronunciation	has space group	has thermal neutron capture cross section	has rigidity modulu	has synonym	has isotope mass range	has heat of vaporization	has discoverer	has thermal conductivity	has discovery date	has name origin	has linear expansion coefficient	has heat of fusion	has specimen	has main mining area	has daily dietary intake	has lethal intake	has ocean residence time	has mineral	has melting point	has neutron scattering length	has origin	has Curie temperature	has image	has ocean concentration	has covalent radii	has symbol name origin	has term symbol	has crystal cell dimension	has poisson's ratio	has mass of element in person	has reserve	has ocean oxidation state	has young's modulu	is a kind of	has heat capacity	has bulk modulu	has van der Waals radii	has molar volume	has definition	has boiling point	has hazard	has biological role	has ionic radii	has electrical resistivity	has relative atomic mass	has chief source	has electron affinity	has registry number	has density	has atomic radii	has atomic number	has mass magnetic susceptibility	has discovery location	has number of isotope	has toxic intake	has abundance	has atomic emission line	reacts with	has longest lived isotope	has symbol	has use	has crystal type	has world production	has electron configuration	has number of proton	has mass absorption coefficient	has level in human	has electronegativity	has critical temperature	has group
carbon	kar-bon	R3m for rhombohedral graphite	0.0035 barns		atom	9 to 16	710.9 kJ mol-1		990 - 2320 W m-1 K-1 for diamond at 298 K	pre-historic	carbo = charcoal from Latin	1.19 × 10-6 K-1 for diamond	105.1 kJ mol-1	amorphous, fullerenes, bucky tubes, diamond, graphite and soot. Safe.	diamond deposits in South Africa, USA, Russia, Brazil, Zaire, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Canada	300 g		800000 years	diamond, graphite, calcium magnesium carbonates, fossil fuel	800 K for buckminsterfullerene (sublimes)	0.66460 × 10-12 cm				increasing with depth	60 pm for triple bonds		3P0 in ground state	a = 1414 pm for buckminsterfullerene		16 kg for a 70 kg average person	large for tar sands	IV		recycled oceanic element	20.838 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K		185 pm	3.42 cm3 for diamond	pure forms occur as graphite, diamond and buckminsterfullerene C60	5100 K (sublimes)	carbon black is a nuissance but not dangerous, although soot may harbour carcinogenic materials	DNA constituent, organic molecules required for life	260 pm for C4-	1 × 1014 Ω m for buckminsterfullerene at 293 K	12.011 in units of 12C = 12.000	graphite	121.9 kJ mol-1 from C to C-	7440-44-0 for Chemical Abstracts System database	1650 kg m-3 for buckminsterfullerene at 293 K	77 pm	6	-6.2 × 10-9 kg-1 m3 for diamond		8 including nuclear isomers	non-toxic, but some compounds can be very toxic such as CO or CN-	28 p.p.m. in deep Pacific seawater	723.642 nm for C II (strong)	almost everything	carbon 12	C	coke in steel, carbon black in printing, as a filler, activated charcoal for water treatement and respirators	f.c.c. for buckminsterfullerene	8.6 ×	[He]2s22p2 in ground state	6	0.625 cm2 g-1 for MoKα X-ray diffraction	670000 p.p.m. in muscle	2.55 Pauling		14
cobalt	koh-bolt	P63/mmc for ε-Co	37.2 barns	82 GPa	atom	35m to 64	382.4 kJ mol-1	Georg Brandt	100 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K	1735	kobald = goblin from German	13.36 × 10-6 K-1	15.2 kJ mol-1	foil, pieces, powder, rod and wire. Care !	Zaire, Morocco, Sweden, Canada	0.005 - 1.8 mg	80 mg kg-1 chloride ingested by rat	40 years	cobaltite, erythrite, glaucodot, linnaerite, skutterudite (smaltite)	1768 K	0.278 × 10-12 cm				decreasing with depth	116 pm		4F9/2 in ground state	a = 250.7, c = 406.9 pm for ε-Co	0.32 GPa	3 mg for a 70 kg average person		II	211 GPa	scavenged oceanic element	23.020 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K	181.5 GPa		6.62 cm3	lustrous, silvery-blue, hard metal which is also ferromagnetic. Cobalt 60 is an important radioisotope	3143 K	compounds have low toxicity when ingested, but produce vomiting. Suspected carcinogen.	essential to most species, including humans	82 pm for Co2+	6.24 × 10-8 Ω m at 293 K	58.93320 in units of 12C = 12.000	cobaltite, skutterudite	63.8 kJ mol-1 from Co to Co-	7440-48-4 for Chemical Abstracts System database	7670 kg m-3 for liquid at 293 K at melting point	125 pm	27	ferromagnetic	Stockholm, Sweden	17 including nuclear isomers	500 mg	1.1 × 10-6 p.p.m. in deep Pacific seawater	356.938 nm for Co I	dilute acids	cobalt 59	Co	magnet alloys, ceramics, catalysts and paints	h.c.p. for ε-Co	17000 tonnes year-1	[Ar]3d74s2 in ground state	27	42.5 cm2 g-1 for MoKalpha X-ray diffraction	0.028 - 0.65 p.p.m. in muscle	1.88 Pauling		a column number in the table of the elements
germanium					atom													20000 years							increasing with depth								IV		recycled oceanic element																																				14
gold					atom													unknown				exploding core of a supernova			unknown								I		supernova produced element																																				a column number in the table of the elements
iridium					atom																														siderophile element																																				a column number in the table of the elements
iron	iy-on ?	Im3m for δ-Fe	2.56 barns	81 GPa for steel	atom	49 to 63	351.0 kJ mol-1		80.2 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K	2500 B.C.	iron from Anglo-Saxon	12.3 × 10-6 K-1	14.9 kJ mol-1	chips, filings, foil, granules, powder and wire. Safe.	USA, Canada, Sweden, South Africa, Russia, India, Japan	6 - 40 mg	7 - 35 grams	98 years	goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite, magnetite, siderite, ...	1808 K	0.954 × 10-12 cm				increasing with depth	116 pm	ferrum = iron from Latin	5D4 in ground state	a = 293.22 pm for δ-Fe	0.27 GPa for steel	4.2 kg for a 70 kg average person	1.1 × 1011 tonnes	III	208 GPa for steel	recycled oceanic element	25.677 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K	160 GPa for steel		7.09 cm3	lustrous, silvery and soft or workable metal when absolutely pure	3023 K	deficiency leads to anemia but excess causes liver and kidney damage	essential to all species	82 pm for Fe3+	9.71 × 10-8 Ω m at 293 K	55.845 in units of 12C = 12.000	hematite, magnetite, goethite, lepidocrocite, siderite	15.7 kJ mol-1 from Fe to Fe-	7439-89-6 for Chemical Abstracts System database	7035 kg m-3 for liquid at 1808 K melting point	124 pm	26	ferromagnetic		16 including nuclear isomers	200 mg Iron (II) compounds are more toxic than iron (III)	1 × 10-4 p.p.m. in deep Pacific seawater	385.991 nm for Fe I (strong)	dilute acids by disolving	iron 56	Fe	steel etc...	b.c.c. for δ-Fe	7.16 × 108 tonnes year-1	[Ar]3d64s2 in ground state	26	38.5 cm2 g-1 for MoKα X-ray diffraction	180 p.p.m. in muscle	1.83 Pauling		a column number in the table of the elements
nickel	nik-el	Fm3m	4.49 barns	76.0 GPa	atom	53 to 67	371.8 kJ mol-1	A.F. Cronstedt	90.7 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K	1751	kupfernickel = Devil's copper or St Nicholas's copper from German	13.3 × 10-6 K-1	17.6 kJ mol-1	foil, powder, rod, slugs, spheres and wire. Safe.	garnierite in Russia, South Africa, USA; pentlandite in Canada, South Africa	0.3 - 0.5 mg	350 mg kg-1 in rat for nickel acetate	80000 years	garnierite, millerite, nickeline, pentlandite, nickel-iron meteorites	1726 K	1.03 × 10-12 cm		633 K		increasing with depth	115 pm		3F4 in ground state	a = 352.38 pm	0.312 GPa	15 mg for a 70 kg average person	70 × 106 tonnes	II	199.5 GPa	recycled oceanic element	23.359 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K	177.3 GPa		6.59 cm3	corrosion resistant, silvery-white, lustrous, malleable and ductile metal	3005 K	nickel carbonyl is extremely toxic	essential to some species, and can act to stimulate metabolism	62 pm for Ni3+	6.84 × 10-8 Ω m at 293 K	58.6934 in units of 12C = 12.000	garnierite, pentlandite	156 kJ mol-1 from Ni to Ni-	7440-02-0 for Chemical Abstracts System database	7780 kg m-3 for liquid at 1726 K boiling point	125 pm	28	ferromagnetic	Stockholm, Sweden	14 including nuclear isomers	1 - 3 mg kg-1	5.7 × 10-4 p.p.m. in deep Pacific seawater	361.939 nm for Ni I	acids by disolving except for concentrated HNO3	nickel 58	Ni	alloys, especially stainless steel, coins, metal plating and catalysts	f.c.c.	510000 tonnes year-1	[Ar]3d84s2 in ground state	28	46.6 cm2 g-1 for MoKα X-ray diffraction	1 - 2 p.p.m. in muscle	1.91 Pauling		a column number in the table of the elements
phosphorus	fos-for-us	Pm3m or P-43 for red phosphorus	0.172 barns		pnictogen	26 to 36	51.9 kJ mol-1 for P4 solid	Hennig Brandt	12.1 W m-1 K-1 for black phosphorus solid at 300 K	1669	phosphoros = bringer of light from Greek	124.5 × 10-6 K-1 for P4 solid	2.51 kJ mol-1 for P4 solid	white sticks (Danger!), red lumps or powder (Care!)	Russia, USA, Morocco, Tunisia, Togo, Nauru	900 - 1900 mg	100 mg for white phosphorus in humans	100000 years	apatite, phosphophyllite, turquoise, vivianite	683 K for red phosphorus solid under pressure	0.513 × 10-12 cm				increasing with depth	110 pm for single bond		4S3/2 in ground state	a = 1131 pm for red phosphorus		780 g for a 70 kg average person	5.7 × 109 tonnes	V		recycled oceanic element	20.786 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K		190 pm	17.02 cm3	soft and flammable white solid, the red form is usually non-flammable	553 K for P4	white phosphorus chronic poisoning leads to necrosis of the jaw (phossy-jaw)	constituent of DNA, ATP and many other biochemical molecules. Phosphate cycle.	212 pm for P3-	1 × 109 Ω m for P4 solid at 293 K	30.973762 in units of 12C = 12.000	apatite, turquoise (ornamental stone)	44 kJ mol-1 from to -	7723-14-0 for Chemical Abstracts System database	2690 kg m-3 for black phosphorus solid at 293 K	115 pm for red form	15	-8.4 × 10-9 kg-1 m3 for red phosphorus solid	Hamburg, Germany	10 including nuclear isomers	11 μg kg-1 for white phosphorus in rat	0.084 p.p.m. in deep Pacific seawater	1648.292 nm for P I	alkalis to form phosphine gas	phosphorus 31	P	fertilizers, insecticides, metal treatment, detergents and foods	cubic for red phosphorus	153 × 106 tonnes year-1	[Ne]3s23p3 in ground state	15	7.89 cm2 g-1 for MoKalpha X-ray diffraction	3000 - 8500 p.p.m. in muscle	2.19 Pauling	994 K	15
platinum					atom													unknown				exploding core of a supernova			unknown								II		supernova produced element																																				a column number in the table of the elements

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