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physical object > natural object > particle > element > metallic element > alkali earth metal > magnesium

magnesium (Mg, 1S0 in ground state)
subject			fact

magnesium	has symbol Mg
	has lethal intake 8100 mg kg-1 for chloride, oral, rat
	has reserves > 2 × 1010 tonnes as ores; and > 1 × 1024 tonnes in the sea
	has main mining area Austria, China, Poland, Russia, USA, India, Greece, Canada
	has mineral brucite, carnalite, cordierite, diopside, dolomite, enstatite, epsomite, kiersite, magnesite, pyrope, spinel
	has neutron scattering length 0.5375 × 10-12 cm
	has electron affinity -21 kJ mol-1 from Mg to Mg-
	has toxic intake low toxicity
	has poisson's ratio 0.291 GPa
	has bulk modulus 35.6 GPa
	has rigidity modulus 17.3 GPa
	has young's modulus 44.7 GPa
	has mass magnetic susceptibility +6.8 × 10-9 kg-1 m3 for solid
	has electrical resistivity 4.38 × 10-8 Ω m at 293 K
	has covalent radii 136 pm
	has thermal neutron capture cross section 0.063 barns
	has longest lived isotope magnesium 24
	has isotope mass range 20 to 31
	has number of isotopes 12 including nuclear isomers
	has pronunciation mag-neez-iuhm
	has name origin Magnesia = district of Thessaly from Greek
	has discovery location Edinburgh, Scotland
	has abundance 4.0 × 107 in Sun relative to H = 1 × 1012
	has abundance 23000 p.p.m. in Earth's crust
	has abundance 1200 p.p.m. in seawater
	has specimen chips, granules, powder, ribbon, rod or turnings. Safe.
	has world production 325000 tonnes year-1
	has chief source seawater; and the ores or dolomite, magnesite; carnallite and brucite
	has mass absorption coefficient 38.6 cm2 g-1 for CuKα X-ray diffraction
	has mass absorption coefficient 4.11 cm2 g-1 for MoKα X-ray diffraction
	has space group P63/mmc
	has crystal cell dimension a = 320.94; c = 521.03 pm
	has crystal type h.c.p.
	has atomic emission line 279.553 nm for Mg II
	has atomic emission line 280.270 nm for Mg II
	has atomic emission line 285.213 nm for Mg I (strong)
	has atomic emission line 383.829 nm for Mg I
	has atomic emission line 518.361 nm for Mg I
	has term symbol 1S0 in ground state
	has electron configuration [Ne]3s2 in ground state
	has mass of element in person 19 g for a 70 kg average person
	has daily dietary intake 250 - 380 mg
	has level in humans 37.8 mg dm-3 in blood
	has level in humans 700 - 1800 p.p.m. in bone
	has level in humans 590 p.p.m. in liver
	has level in humans 900 p.p.m. in muscle
	has hazard compounds vary in toxicity but no evidence that metal produces systemic poisoning
	has biological role essential to all species
	has linear expansion coefficient 26.1 × 10-6 K-1
	has thermal conductivity 156 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K
	has molar volume 13.98 cm3
	has heat capacity 24.89 J K-1 mol-1 for solid at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat capacity 20.786 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat of vaporization 128.7 kJ mol-1
	has heat of fusion 9.04 kJ mol-1
	has boiling point 1363 K
	has melting point 922.0 K
	has electronegativity 1.31 Pauling
	has relative atomic mass 24.3050 in units of 12C = 12.000
	has ionic radii 79 pm for Mg2+
	has atomic radii 160 pm
	has number of protons 12
	has registry number 7439-95-4 for Chemical Abstracts System database
	has density 1738 kg m-3 for solid at 293 K
has density 1585 kg m-3 for liquid at 922.0 K melting point
has synthesis mechanism electrolysis of fused MgCl2
has ocean oxidation state II
has ocean residence time 1 × 107 years
has atomic number 12
reacts with air when ignited
reacts with hot water
has discovery date 1755
has discoverer Joseph Black
has uses bulk metal and lightweight alloys
has uses as a 'sacrificial' electrode to protect other metals exposed to seawater and ground
has image
has definition silvery white, lustrous and relatively soft metal
is a kind of alkali earth metal
is a kind of lithophile element
is a kind of accumulating oceanic element
alkali earth metal	has hardness malleable, extrudable and machinable
accumulating oceanic element	has ocean concentration depth indenpendent
lithophile element	has occurrence in silicate materials such as igneous rocks
element	is a part of Universe
	has synonym atom
particle	obeys uncertainty principle
	has frequency inversely proportional to the wavelength
	has wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum
	has charge
	has mass
physical object	has location or center of gravity
	has angular momentum
	has velocity
	has momentum
	has temperature
	has volume
	has extent
	has material

Kinds of magnesium :

• magnesium 23 (9 facts) (²³Mg)
• magnesium 24 (8 facts) (²⁴Mg)
• magnesium 25 (15 facts) (²⁵Mg)
• magnesium 26 (8 facts) (²⁶Mg)
• magnesium 27 (10 facts) (²⁷Mg)
• magnesium 28 (10 facts) (²⁸Mg)

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