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| physical object > natural object > particle > boson > carrier boson > vector boson |
| vector boson comparison table | |
| Subject | has definition |
|---|---|
| W particle | Massive boson thought to have been abundant in the early universe, when the unified electroweak force was manifest. |
| Z particle | Particle that transmits the unified electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces. These particles were predicted by the Weinberg-Salam theory of the 1960s and later discovered in the 1980s. |
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