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| Apollo space program | | | Successful US lunar exploration program in which the Apollo spacecraft 1 to 6 were unmanned; 7 to 10 were manned but did not land; and 11, 12 and 14 to 17 landed and returned safely. (Apollo 13 was an aborted mission.) The first men to land on the Moon were Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin, from Apollo 11, on 20 July 1969. The final Apollo flight (17) lasted from 7 to 19 December 1972, and left a considerable quantity of exploratory devices on the lunar surface. |
| Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales | Paris, France | CNES | |
| European Space Agency | | ESA | |
| Goddard Space Flight Center | | GSFC | |
| Institute of Space and Astronautical Science | | ISAS | |
| Jet Propulsion Laboratory | Pasadena, California | JPL | Funded by NASA and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration | | NASA | US government body set up in 1958, under which the Space Center at Houston, Texas, and the Space Center at Cape Canaveral, Florida, are responsible for manned and unmanned space flights. |
| National Air and Space Development Agency | Japan | NASDA | National Air and Space Development Agency. |
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