X-ray source Comparison Table

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X-ray source comparison table

Subject has spectral type has Messier number has purpose is part of has surface temperature has age has orbital period has diameter has surface density has inclination is an instance of has velocity has optical brightness variation has parallax has eccentricity has expansion velocity has observational problem has position on celestial sphere has color has redshift has classification criterion has primary mass has distance has absorption line has ejection velocity has radiation at surface has secondary mass has acronym has abundance has recession velocity has classification criteria has energy source has energy production has catalog has composition has number of galaxie is a kind of has apparent magnitude has material has mass has image has name designated with has apparent dimension has observable variation time scale produce has synonym has definition has discovery date has luminosity class

Cassiopeia A celestial sphere X-ray source 800 km s^-1 3 kpc radio source catalog 3U 2321+58 A radio source in Cassiopeia, the strongest extrasolar source in the sky, believed to be the remnant of a Type II supernova whose light reached Earth about 1667. Optically it is a faint nebula. It has a mass of a few solar masses. It is also an extended source of soft X-rays.

Cen X-4 celestial sphere X-ray source sporadic X-ray source

Centaurus A celestial sphere X-ray source 4 Mpc radio source catalog NGC 5128 A strong radio source. Optically, it is an elliptical galaxy with a dark obscuring lane. It is the nearest known violent galaxy.

Centaurus cluster celestial sphere X-ray source 200 Mpc catalog about star systems 10² to 10³ (order of magnitude) 3U 1247-41 A cluster of galaxies. Its radio counterpart is compact and located inside NGC 4696.

Circinus X-1 celestial sphere X-ray source 3U 1516-56 A highly variable X-ray source. Many of its properties are similar to those of Cygnus X-1.

Coma cluster celestial sphere 10 million light years X-ray source z = 0.023 300 million light years catalog about star systems 1000 4 × 10¹⁴ M_sun (luminous matter) Abell 1656 The nearest massive cluster of galaxies. A symmetric cluster with primarily E and S0 galaxies. Luminous mass 4 × 10¹⁴ M_sun = 8 × 10⁴⁷ g; virial theorem mass about 5 × 10⁴⁸ g; mass needed to bind the cluster about 4 × 10⁴⁹ g. R ≈ 9 × 10²⁴ cm.

Coma X-1 celestial sphere X-ray source 3U 1257+28 An extended X-ray source in the Coma cluster of galaxies.

Cygnus A celestial sphere X-ray source galaxy catalog 2U 1957+40 A double radio source, the third strongest radio source in the sky (after the Sun and Cas A), at one time believed to be caused by the collision of two galaxies. It has now been identified with a distant peculiar cD galaxy (z ≈ 0.056).

Cygnus Loop gas 20000 years X-ray source 770 pc 10000 km s^-1 SNR radio source catalog enhanced with heavy elements relative to the interstellar medium synchrotron radiation Cygnus X-5 A supernova remnant, consisting of a large loop of gas ejected from a star. It is 100 pc above the galactic plane. (X-ray observations give a distance of 2-3 kpc.) It is a thermal bremsstrahlung source of soft X-rays with a spectral temperature of 2 × 10⁶ K.

Cygnus X-1 celestial sphere i ≈ 27� X-ray source e ≈ 0.06 20 M_sun 2.5 kpc > 6 M_sun 3U 1956+35 An X-ray source. The visible component is the ninth-magnitude supergiant HDE 226868 (O9.7 Iab). It has rapid night-to-night variations in spectral features.

Cygnus X-2 celestial sphere X-ray source 3U 2142+38 An X-ray source optically identified with an irregular variable star.

Cygnus X-3 celestial sphere greater than 1000 Kelvin 4.8 hour which depends on luminosity class binary star determined from proper motion and radial velocity from the point of view of Earth's orbit from the point of view of Earth 10 kpc which is diffused out from the hotter core half the stars in the solar neighborhood are members of star systems gravitational contraction and or fusion which takes place primarily within the core star catalog hydrogen, helium greater than 0.08 the sun's mass 2U 2030+40 An X-ray binary. It is also an infrared source, a cosmic ray source, and a strongly variable radio source (interstellar extinction is too high for visible light observations). It is best fitted by a model of an expanding cloud of relativistic electrons emitting synchrotron radiation around a neutron star. 1966

M 87 87 originally to catalog all objects which could be confused with a comet celestial sphere Messier object from Earth E0 (spherical) to E7 (greatest eccentricity) Messier catalog 10¹³ M_sun (most massive galaxies known) Virgo X-1 A strong radio source. Optically, it is an elliptical galaxy with a luminous blue jet about 1500 pc long. It is also one of the most powerful extragalactic sources of radiation at infrared wavelengths.

NGC 1275 celestial sphere X-ray source z = 0.0183 Subdivided according to the openness of the spiral arms as Sa spiral, Sb spiral or Sc spiral. 5000 km s^-1 galaxy catalog 10¹⁰ to 10¹² M_sun Abell 426 The strongest known extragalactic X-ray source. Also a strong radio source. Optically it is a Seyfert galaxy with a huge amount (about 10⁸ M_sun) of ionized gas receding from it.

North Polar Spur celestial sphere X-ray source 50-200 pc radio source catalog A radio continuum feature extending from the galactic plane to the vicinity of the North Galactic Pole. It is believed to be a supernova remnant. It is also an X-ray source.

Puppis A gas 10⁴ to 10⁵ years X-ray source 1 to 2 kpc 10000 km s^-1 SNR radio source catalog enhanced with heavy elements relative to the interstellar medium synchrotron radiation 2U 0821-42 A supernova remnant. It is an extended nonthermal radio source, and also a source of soft X-rays.

Scorpius X-1 celestial sphere greater than 1000 Kelvin which depends on luminosity class eclipsing binary 0.2 magnitudes or greater from the point of view of Earth's orbit some difficulty in distinguishing between various kinds from the point of view of Earth 250 to 500 pc which is diffused out from the hotter core half the stars in the solar neighborhood are members of star systems gravitational contraction and or fusion which takes place primarily within the core star catalog brightest X-ray source in the sky (besides the Sun)
R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, or Z and the genitive of the latin constellation name
RR, RS, RT, RU, RV, RW, RX, RY, or RZ and the genitive of the latin constellation name when the single letter designations are exhausted
AA...AZ, BB...BZ, etc. (omitting J), which ends with QQ...QZ and the genitive of the latin constellation namewhen the RR...RZ designations are exhausted
V 335, V 336, etc., when the double letter designations are exhausted
within a period of decades A compact eclipsing X-ray source. It has day-to-day variations (period about 0.78 days?) of as much as 1 mag; it also has optical and radio counterparts but no correlation has been found among the flares observed at the three different wavelengths. It is a thermal X-ray source, probably associated with a rotating collapsed star surrounded by an extensive envelope. Tentative optical identification with the 13th mag blue variable V818 Sco. The spectrum of Sco X-1 is similar to that of an old nova. (3U 1617-15) 1962

transient X-ray source celestial sphere X-ray source As of early 1974, four had been detected: Cen X-2, Cen X-1, 2U 1543-47, and Cep X-4. They resemble slow novae.

Vela X-1 B0.5 Ib celestial sphere 11000 to 28000 K 8.96 days which depends on luminosity class single line spectroscopic binary determined from proper motion and radial velocity 0.2 magnitudes or greater from the point of view of Earth's orbit some difficulty in distinguishing between various kinds from the point of view of Earth blue-white He I which is diffused out from the hotter core half the stars in the solar neighborhood are members of star systems gravitational contraction and or fusion which takes place primarily within the core star catalog 7 hydrogen, helium of unseen companion 1.7 to 15 M_sun, with a probable value of about 2.6 M_sun.
R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, or Z and the genitive of the latin constellation name
RR, RS, RT, RU, RV, RW, RX, RY, or RZ and the genitive of the latin constellation name when the single letter designations are exhausted
AA...AZ, BB...BZ, etc. (omitting J), which ends with QQ...QZ and the genitive of the latin constellation namewhen the RR...RZ designations are exhausted
V 335, V 336, etc., when the double letter designations are exhausted
within a period of decades 3U 0900-40 I

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Subject	has spectral type	has Messier number	has purpose	is part of	has surface temperature	has age	has orbital period	has diameter	has surface density	has inclination	is an instance of	has velocity	has optical brightness variation	has parallax	has eccentricity	has expansion velocity	has observational problem	has position on celestial sphere	has color	has redshift	has classification criterion	has primary mass	has distance	has absorption line	has ejection velocity	has radiation at surface	has secondary mass	has acronym	has abundance	has recession velocity	has classification criteria	has energy source	has energy production	has catalog	has composition	has number of galaxie	is a kind of	has apparent magnitude	has material	has mass	has image	has name designated with	has apparent dimension	has observable variation time scale	produce	has synonym	has definition	has discovery date	has luminosity class
Cassiopeia A				celestial sphere							X-ray source					800 km s^-1							3 kpc											radio source catalog												3U 2321+58	A radio source in Cassiopeia, the strongest extrasolar source in the sky, believed to be the remnant of a Type II supernova whose light reached Earth about 1667. Optically it is a faint nebula. It has a mass of a few solar masses. It is also an extended source of soft X-rays.
Cen X-4				celestial sphere							X-ray source																																				sporadic X-ray source
Centaurus A				celestial sphere							X-ray source												4 Mpc											radio source catalog												NGC 5128	A strong radio source. Optically, it is an elliptical galaxy with a dark obscuring lane. It is the nearest known violent galaxy.
Centaurus cluster				celestial sphere							X-ray source												200 Mpc											catalog about star systems		10² to 10³ (order of magnitude)										3U 1247-41	A cluster of galaxies. Its radio counterpart is compact and located inside NGC 4696.
Circinus X-1				celestial sphere							X-ray source																																			3U 1516-56	A highly variable X-ray source. Many of its properties are similar to those of Cygnus X-1.
Coma cluster				celestial sphere				10 million light years			X-ray source									z = 0.023			300 million light years											catalog about star systems		1000				4 × 10¹⁴ M_sun (luminous matter)						Abell 1656	The nearest massive cluster of galaxies. A symmetric cluster with primarily E and S0 galaxies. Luminous mass 4 × 10¹⁴ M_sun = 8 × 10⁴⁷ g; virial theorem mass about 5 × 10⁴⁸ g; mass needed to bind the cluster about 4 × 10⁴⁹ g. R ≈ 9 × 10²⁴ cm.
Coma X-1				celestial sphere							X-ray source																																			3U 1257+28	An extended X-ray source in the Coma cluster of galaxies.
Cygnus A				celestial sphere							X-ray source																							galaxy catalog												2U 1957+40	A double radio source, the third strongest radio source in the sky (after the Sun and Cas A), at one time believed to be caused by the collision of two galaxies. It has now been identified with a distant peculiar cD galaxy (z ≈ 0.056).
Cygnus Loop				gas		20000 years					X-ray source												770 pc		10000 km s^-1			SNR						radio source catalog	enhanced with heavy elements relative to the interstellar medium										synchrotron radiation	Cygnus X-5	A supernova remnant, consisting of a large loop of gas ejected from a star. It is 100 pc above the galactic plane. (X-ray observations give a distance of 2-3 kpc.) It is a thermal bremsstrahlung source of soft X-rays with a spectral temperature of 2 × 10⁶ K.
Cygnus X-1				celestial sphere						i ≈ 27�	X-ray source				e ≈ 0.06							20 M_sun	2.5 kpc				> 6 M_sun																			3U 1956+35	An X-ray source. The visible component is the ninth-magnitude supergiant HDE 226868 (O9.7 Iab). It has rapid night-to-night variations in spectral features.
Cygnus X-2				celestial sphere							X-ray source																																			3U 2142+38	An X-ray source optically identified with an irregular variable star.
Cygnus X-3				celestial sphere	greater than 1000 Kelvin		4.8 hour		which depends on luminosity class		binary star	determined from proper motion and radial velocity		from the point of view of Earth's orbit				from the point of view of Earth					10 kpc			which is diffused out from the hotter core			half the stars in the solar neighborhood are members of star systems			gravitational contraction and or fusion	which takes place primarily within the core	star catalog					hydrogen, helium	greater than 0.08 the sun's mass						2U 2030+40	An X-ray binary. It is also an infrared source, a cosmic ray source, and a strongly variable radio source (interstellar extinction is too high for visible light observations). It is best fitted by a model of an expanding cloud of relativistic electrons emitting synchrotron radiation around a neutron star.	1966
M 87		87	originally to catalog all objects which could be confused with a comet	celestial sphere							Messier object												from Earth								E0 (spherical) to E7 (greatest eccentricity)			Messier catalog						10¹³ M_sun (most massive galaxies known)						Virgo X-1	A strong radio source. Optically, it is an elliptical galaxy with a luminous blue jet about 1500 pc long. It is also one of the most powerful extragalactic sources of radiation at infrared wavelengths.
NGC 1275				celestial sphere							X-ray source									z = 0.0183	Subdivided according to the openness of the spiral arms as Sa spiral, Sb spiral or Sc spiral.									5000 km s^-1				galaxy catalog						10¹⁰ to 10¹² M_sun						Abell 426	The strongest known extragalactic X-ray source. Also a strong radio source. Optically it is a Seyfert galaxy with a huge amount (about 10⁸ M_sun) of ionized gas receding from it.
North Polar Spur				celestial sphere							X-ray source												50-200 pc											radio source catalog													A radio continuum feature extending from the galactic plane to the vicinity of the North Galactic Pole. It is believed to be a supernova remnant. It is also an X-ray source.
Puppis A				gas		10⁴ to 10⁵ years					X-ray source												1 to 2 kpc		10000 km s^-1			SNR						radio source catalog	enhanced with heavy elements relative to the interstellar medium										synchrotron radiation	2U 0821-42	A supernova remnant. It is an extended nonthermal radio source, and also a source of soft X-rays.
Scorpius X-1				celestial sphere	greater than 1000 Kelvin				which depends on luminosity class		eclipsing binary		0.2 magnitudes or greater	from the point of view of Earth's orbit			some difficulty in distinguishing between various kinds	from the point of view of Earth					250 to 500 pc			which is diffused out from the hotter core			half the stars in the solar neighborhood are members of star systems			gravitational contraction and or fusion	which takes place primarily within the core	star catalog				brightest X-ray source in the sky (besides the Sun)				R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, or Z and the genitive of the latin constellation name RR, RS, RT, RU, RV, RW, RX, RY, or RZ and the genitive of the latin constellation name when the single letter designations are exhausted AA...AZ, BB...BZ, etc. (omitting J), which ends with QQ...QZ and the genitive of the latin constellation namewhen the RR...RZ designations are exhausted V 335, V 336, etc., when the double letter designations are exhausted		within a period of decades			A compact eclipsing X-ray source. It has day-to-day variations (period about 0.78 days?) of as much as 1 mag; it also has optical and radio counterparts but no correlation has been found among the flares observed at the three different wavelengths. It is a thermal X-ray source, probably associated with a rotating collapsed star surrounded by an extensive envelope. Tentative optical identification with the 13th mag blue variable V818 Sco. The spectrum of Sco X-1 is similar to that of an old nova. (3U 1617-15)	1962
transient X-ray source				celestial sphere																																	X-ray source										As of early 1974, four had been detected: Cen X-2, Cen X-1, 2U 1543-47, and Cep X-4. They resemble slow novae.
Vela X-1	B0.5 Ib			celestial sphere	11000 to 28000 K		8.96 days		which depends on luminosity class		single line spectroscopic binary	determined from proper motion and radial velocity	0.2 magnitudes or greater	from the point of view of Earth's orbit			some difficulty in distinguishing between various kinds	from the point of view of Earth	blue-white					He I		which is diffused out from the hotter core			half the stars in the solar neighborhood are members of star systems			gravitational contraction and or fusion	which takes place primarily within the core	star catalog				7	hydrogen, helium	of unseen companion 1.7 to 15 M_sun, with a probable value of about 2.6 M_sun.		R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, or Z and the genitive of the latin constellation name RR, RS, RT, RU, RV, RW, RX, RY, or RZ and the genitive of the latin constellation name when the single letter designations are exhausted AA...AZ, BB...BZ, etc. (omitting J), which ends with QQ...QZ and the genitive of the latin constellation namewhen the RR...RZ designations are exhausted V 335, V 336, etc., when the double letter designations are exhausted		within a period of decades		3U 0900-40			I