Astronomy   View all facts   Glossary   Help

physical object > natural object > particle > element > column grouped element > alkali metal > sodium

sodium (Na, 2S1/2 in ground state, natrium from Latin)
subject			fact

sodium	has symbol Na
	has lethal intake 3000 mg kg-1 of chloride in rat
	has reserves almost unlimited
	has main mining area halite in Germany, Poland, USA, UK; trona in Kenya, USA
	has mineral halite, trona, occurs in many others but these are not mined as a source of sodium
	has neutron scattering length 0.358 × 10-12 cm
	has electron affinity 52.9 kJ mol-1 from to -
	has toxic intake 12 g kg-1 of chloride in humans
	has poisson's ratio 0.34 GPa
	has rigidity modulus 2.53 GPa
	has young's modulus 6.80 GPa
	has mass magnetic susceptibility +8.8 × 10-9 kg-1 m3 for solid
	has electrical resistivity 4.2 × 10-8 Ω m at 273 K
	has van der Waals radii 231 pm
	has thermal neutron capture cross section 0.530 barns
	has longest lived isotope sodium 23
	has isotope mass range 19 to 31
	has number of isotopes 14 including nuclear isomers
	has pronunciation so-dee-uhm
	has name origin soda from English
	has discovery location Royal Institution, London, England
	has abundance 1.91 × 106 in Sun relative to H = 1 × 1012
	has abundance 23000 p.p.m. in Earth's crust
	has abundance 10500 p.p.m. in seawater
	has specimen ingots or lumps, in sealed ampoules under nitrogen, or spheres and sticks stored under mineral oil. Warning!
	has world production 168 × 106 tonnes year-1 as salt
	has world production 29 × 106 tonnes year-1 as sodium carbonate
	has world production 200000 tonnes year-1 as sodium metal
	has chief source halite, trona
	has mass absorption coefficient 30.1 cm2 g-1 for CuKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has mass absorption coefficient 3.21 cm2 g-1 for MoKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has space group P63/mmc for α-Na
	has crystal cell dimension a = 376.7, c = 615.4 pm for α-Na
	has crystal type hexagonal for α-Na
	has atomic emission line 313.548 nm for Na II
	has atomic emission line 588.995 nm for Na I (strong, used in atom absorption spectrometry)
	has atomic emission line 589.595 nm for Na I
	has atomic emission line 818.326 nm for Na I
	has atomic emission line 819.482 nm for Na I
	has term symbol 2S1/2 in ground state
	has electron configuration [Ne]3s in ground state
	has mass of element in person 100 g for a 70 kg average person
	has daily dietary intake 2 - 15 g
	has level in humans 1970 mg dm-3 in blood
	has level in humans 10000 p.p.m. in bone
	has level in humans 2000 - 4000 p.p.m. in liver
	has level in humans 2600 - 7800 p.p.m. in muscle
	has hazard compounds are not hazardous, but excess sodium chloride can be toxic by ingestion
	has biological role essential to most species including humans
	has linear expansion coefficient 70.6 × 10-6 K-1
	has thermal conductivity 141 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K
	has molar volume 23.68 cm3
	has heat capacity 28.24 J K-1 mol-1 for solid at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat capacity 20.786 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat of vaporization 89.04 kJ mol-1
	has heat of fusion 2.64 kJ mol-1
	has boiling point 1156.1 K
	has melting point 370.96 K
	has electronegativity 0.93 Pauling
	has relative atomic mass 22.989768 in units of 12C = 12.000
	has ionic radii 98 pm for Na+
	has atomic radii 154 pm
	has number of protons 11
	has registry number 7440-23-5 for Chemical Abstracts System database
has density 971 kg m-3 for solid at 293 K
has density 928 kg m-3 for liquid at 370.96 K melting point
has synthesis mechanism electrolysis of molted sodium chloride
has ocean oxidation state I
has ocean residence time 1 × 108 years
has symbol name origin natrium from Latin
has atomic number 11
reacts with water by producing hydrogen gas
has discovery date 1807 (isolated)
has discoverer Sir Humphry Davy
has uses manufacture of chemicals and metals
has uses nuclear reactor heat exchanger
has image
has definition soft, silvery-white metal which oxidizes rapidly when cut
is a kind of alkali metal
is a kind of lithophile element
is a kind of accumulating oceanic element
alkali metal	has group 1
	has hardness soft
	has appearancee silvery except for francium
	has synonym group I element
accumulating oceanic element	has ocean concentration depth indenpendent
lithophile element	has occurrence in silicate materials such as igneous rocks
element	is a part of Universe
particle	obeys uncertainty principle
	has frequency inversely proportional to the wavelength
	has wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum
	has charge
	has mass
physical object	has location or center of gravity
	has angular momentum
	has velocity
	has momentum
	has temperature
	has volume
	has extent
	has material

Kinds of sodium :

• sodium 22 (12 facts) (²²Na)
• sodium 23 (14 facts) (²³Na)
• sodium 24 (11 facts) (²⁴Na)

Next accumulating oceanic element: sulfur    Up: accumulating oceanic element, alkali metal, lithophile element    Previous accumulating oceanic element: rubidium