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The Object Model (see Chapter 1, Requests) defines an object reference as an object name that reliably denotes a particular
object. An object reference identifies the same object each time the reference is used in a request, and an object may be
denoted by multiple, distinct references.
The fundamental ORB interoperability requirement is to allow clients to use such object names to invoke operations on objects
in other ORBs. Clients do not need to distinguish between references to objects in a local ORB or in a remote one. Providing
this transparency can be quite involved, and naming models are fundamental to it.
This section discusses models for naming entities in multiple domains, and transformations of such names as they cross the
domain boundaries. That is, it presents transformations of object reference information as it passes through networks of inter-ORB
bridges. It uses the word “ORB? as synonymous with referencing domain; this is purely to simplify the discussion. In other
contexts, “ORB? can usefully denote other kinds of domain.