What is an Electric Circuit ?

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An electric circuit or electric network is an interconnection of electrical elements linked together in a closed path so that an electric current may flow continuously.

A Simple Circuit

Consider a simple circuit consisting of well-known electrical elements as shown in Figure 7.1.

Figure 7.1 A simple electric circuit.

A complete path must exist before current can flow through a circuit. A complete path is often referred to as a closed circuit.

Each electrical circuit has basic components, such as:

Wires (conductors) interconnect the elements to close the circuit so that a continuous current may flow. The switch, which permits control of the electrical device, interrupts the current delivered to the load. As a result, energy is transferred between the circuit elements, resulting in useful functions. Circuits may encounter additional elements, including inductors and capacitors.