Electrical circuits are analogous
to fluid-flow systems (see Figure 4.4).
The battery is analogous to a pump,
and current is analogous to the fluid.
Conductors correspond to pipes through
which the fluid flows.
Electrical current is the counterpart
of the flow rate of the fluid.
Voltage corresponds to the pressure
differential between points in the fluid
circuit.
Finally, the electrical resistance
of the tungsten headlamp is analogous
to a constriction in a fluid system
that results in turbulence and conversion
of energy to heat.
Figure 4.4 Analogy between a Water
Pipe
and a Resistor in an Electric Circuit.
